Do Python ao BASIC

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# Invocar macros en BASIC desde Python

Pódense invocar macros no BASIC do LibreOffice desde scripts en Python e pódense obter así recursos notábeis, como:

- Recursos de rexistro sinxelos pola consola Trace da biblioteca Access2Base

- Funcións de E/S da pantalla InputBox e MsgBox baseados no BASIC para facilitar o desenvolvemento en Python,

- Chamadas ao Xray interrompendo a execución de scripts en Python para axudar a inspeccionar variábeis.

The LibreOffice Application Programming Interface (API) Scripting Framework supports inter-language script execution between Python and Basic, or other supported programming languages for that matter. Arguments can be passed back and forth across calls, provided that they represent primitive data types that both languages recognize, and assuming that the Scripting Framework converts them appropriately.

Recoméndase ter un coñecemendo dos módulos estándar de Python e das funcionalidades da API do LibreOffice antes de comezar a realizar chamadas inter-linguaxes desde o Python ao BASIC, JavaScript ou calquera outro motor de scripts.

Ao executar scripts en Python desde un ambiente de desenvolvemento integrado (IDE), o motor de BASIC incorporado do LibreOffice pode estar ausente. Evite chamadas de Python ao BASIC do LibreOffice neses contextos. Porén, o ambiente de Python e os obxectos de rede universais (UNO) están plenamente dispoñíbeis. Consulte Configurar un IDE integrado para Python para máis información.

## Recuperación de scripts en Bsic do LibreOffice

LibreOffice Basic macros can be personal, shared, or embedded in documents. In order to execute them, Python run time needs to be provided with Basic macro locations. Implementing the com.sun.star.script.provider.XScriptProvider interface allows the retrieval of executable scripts:

    		 import uno
    		 from com.sun.star.script.provider import Xscript

    		 def getBasicScript(macro='Main', module='Module1', library='Standard',
    		         isEmbedded=False) -> XScript:
    		     '''Grab Basic script object before invocation.'''
    		     ctx = uno.getComponentContext()
    		     smgr = ctx.ServiceManager
    		     if isEmbedded:
    		         desktop = smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.frame.Desktop', ctx)
    		         scriptPro = desktop.CurrentComponent.getScriptProvider()
    		         location = "document"
    		     else:
    		         mspf = smgr.createInstanceWithContext(
    		             "com.sun.star.script.provider.MasterScriptProviderFactory", ctx)
    		         scriptPro = mspf.createScriptProvider("")
    		         location = "application"
    		     scriptName = "vnd.sun.star.script:"+library+"."+module+"."+macro+ \
    		                  "?language=Basic&location="+location
    		     xScript = scriptPro.getScript(scriptName)
    		     return xScript

## Executar scripts no Basci do LibreOffice

The LibreOffice Software Development Kit (SDK) documentation for com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript interface details the calling convention for inter-language calls. Invocation of functions requires three arrays:

- o primeiro enumera os argumentos da rutina chamada

- o segundo identifica os argumentos modificados

- the third stores the return values

### Python Syntax

results = script.invoke((prompt,buttons,title), (), ())

script.invoke((message,), tuple, ())

script.invoke((args), (), results)

### Examples of Personal or Shared Scripts

Examples in Input/Output to Screen detail Python to Basic invocation calls. Monitoring Document Events illustrates the usage of *args Python idiom to print a variable number of parameters to Access2Base logging console dialog.

At time of development you can interrupt Python script execution using Xray extension in order to inspect properties and methods of UNO objects. The APSO extension debugger allows object introspection using either Xray either MRI extensions.

    	  def xray(myObject):
    	  	  script = getBasicScript(library="XrayTool", module="_Main", macro="Xray")
    	  	  script.invoke((myObject,), (), ())

### Examples of Embedded Scripts in Documents

*argsPython simplified syntax can be used in conjunction with LibreOffice Basic routines that accept a variable number of arguments. Below Print and SUM Python functions call their Basic Print and SUM counterparts, using aforementioned getBasicScript function. Exception handling is not detailed.

    	  # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    	  from __future__ import unicode_literals

    	  def Print(*args):
    	      """Outputs the specified strings or numeric expressions in a dialog box."""
    	      xScript = getBasicScript("Print", "Scripting", embedded=True)
    	      xScript.invoke((args), (), ())

    	  def SUM(*args):
    	      """SUM the specified number expression."""
    	      xScript = getBasicScript("SUM", "Scripting", embedded=True)
    	      res = xScript.invoke((args), (), ())
    	      return res[0]

    	  # def getBasicScript()  # see above

    	  def playWithArgs():
    	      Print("Fun with *args ", -9.81, 297864.681974, 8762E-137)
    	      Print(SUM(45, -9.81, 297864.681974))
    	      Print(SUM(45, -9.81, 297864.681974, 8762E+137))

    	  g_exportedScripts = (playWithArgs,)

The LibreOffice Basic Print and SUM document-based routines accept a variable number of arguments. The Private or Public attributes have no effect. The arguments type checking is skipped for clarity.

    	  Option Compatible ' "Standard.Scripting" module
    	  Option Explicit

    	  Private Sub Print(ParamArray args() As Variant, Optional sep As String = " ")
    	      ''' Print item list of variable number '''
    	      ' all CStr() convertible args are accepted
    	      Dim str As String, i As Integer
    	      If UBound(args) >= 0 Then
    	          For i = 0 To UBound(args)
    	              str = str + Cstr(args(i))+ sep
    	          Next i
    	      End If
    	      Print str
    	  End Sub ' Standard.Scripting.Print()

    	  Public Function SUM(ParamArray args() As Variant) As Variant
    	      ''' SUM a variable list of numbers '''
    	      Dim ndx As Integer
    	      If UBound(args) >= 0 Then
    	          For ndx = 0 To UBound(args)
    	              SUM = SUM + args(ndx)
    	          Next ndx
    	      End If
    	  End Function ' Standard.Scripting.SUM()

Temas relacionados

Invocar scripts en Python desde o BASIC

Exemplos de programación en Python

Axuda dos scripts en Python do LibreOffice

LibreOffice Basic Help