ABIDB(1)

NAME
abidb - check binary against abixml corpus and/or submit new data

abidb manages a git repository of abixml files describing shared libraries, and checks binaries against them. elfutils and libabigail programs are used to query and process the binaries. abidb works well with debuginfod to fetch needed DWARF content automatically.

INVOCATION

    abidb [OPTIONS] [--submit PATH1 PATH2 ...] [--check PATH1 PATH2 ...]

COMMON OPTIONS

•   --abicompat PATH

    Specify the path to the abicompat program to use. By default, in the absence of this option, the abicompat program found in directories listed in the $PATH environment is used.

•   --abidw PATH

    Specify the path to the abidw program to use. By default, in the absence of this option, the abidw program found in directories listed in the $PATH environment is used.

•   --distrobranch BRANCH

    Specify the git branch for the abixml files in the git repo. The default is a string like DISTRO/VERSION/ARCHITECTURE, computed from the running environment.

•   --git REPO

    Specify the preexisting git working tree for abidb to submit to or check against. The default is the current working directory. It may be used concurrently by multiple "check" operations, but only one "submit" operation.

•   --help | -h

    Display a short help about the command and exit.

•   --loglevel LOGLEVEL

    Specify the diagnostic level for messages to stderr. One of debug, info, warning, error, or critical; case-insensitive. The default is info.

•   --timeout SECONDS

    Specify a maximum limit to the execution time (in seconds) allowed for the abidw and abicompat programs that are executed. By default, no limit is set for the execution time of these programs.

SUBMIT OPTIONS

•   --allow-no-debug-info

    By default, the program fails to submit a binary if its associated debug info could not be found. With this option however if no debug info was found, then the ABI information submitted for the binary only comes from ELF symbols; the type information is omitted.

•   --archive | -Z .EXT[=CMD]

    Designate PATH names with a .EXT suffix to be treated as archives. If CMD is present, pipe the PATH through the given shell command, otherwise pass as if through cat. The resulting stream is then opened by libarchive, to enumerate the contents of a wide variety of possible archive file format. Process each file in the archive individually into abixml.

    For example, -Z .zip will process each file in a zip file, and -Z .deb='dpkg-deb --fsys-tarfile' will process each payload file in a Debian archive.

•   --filter REGEX

    Limit files selected for abixml extraction to those that match the given regular expression. The default is /lib.*\.so, as a heuristic to identify shared libraries.

•   --submit PATH1 PATH2 ...

    Using abidw, extract abixml for each of the listed files, generally shared libraries, subject to the filename filter and the archive decoding options. Save the output of each abidw run into the selected distrobranch of the selected git repo. If --submit and --check are both given, do submit operations first.

•   --sysroot PREFIX Specify the a prefix path that is to be removed from submitted file names.

CHECK OPTIONS

•   --check PATH1 PATH2 ...

    Using abidiff, compare each of the listed file, generally executables, against abixml documents for selected versions for all shared libraries needed by the executable. These are listed by enumerating the dynamic segment tags DT_NEEDED of the executable.

•   --ld-library-path DIR1:DIR2:DIR3...

    Select the search paths for abixml documents used to locate any particular SONAME . The first given directory wins. However, all versions of the same SONAME in that directory are selected for comparison. The default is unspecified, which means to search for all matching SONAME entries in the distrobranch, regardless of specific directory.

EXIT CODE

In case of successful submission and/or checking of all paths, the exit code is 0.

In case of error, the exit code of abidb is nonzero, and a brief listing of the binaries unable to be submitted and/or checked is printed.

GIT REPOSITORY SCHEMA

abidb stores abixml documents in a git repo with the following naming schema within the distrobranch:

1.  The directory path leading to the shared library file

2.  The SONAME of the shared library file, as a subdirectory name

3.  A file named BUILDID.xml, where BUILDID is the hexadecimal ELF build-id note of the shared library.

    For example:
    shared library file name | abixml path in git
    /usr/lib64/libc.so.6.2.32 /usr/lib64/libc.so.6.2.33 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 | /usr/lib64/libc.so.6/788cdd41a15985bf8e0a48d213a46e07d58822df.xml /usr/lib64/libc.so.6/e2ca832f1c2112aea9d7b9bc639e97e873a6b516.xml /lib/ld-linux.so.2/b65f3c15b129f33f44f504da1719926aec03c07d.xml

    The intent of including the buildid in the name is so that as a distro is updated with multiple versions of a given shared library, they can be represented nearby but non-conflicting. The SONAME is used in the second-last name component, inspired the behavior of ld.so and ldconfig, which rely on symbolic links to map references from the SONAME to an actual file.

SEE ALSO

•   ELF: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format>

•   DWARF: <https://www.dwarfstd.org>

•   Debuginfod: <https://sourceware.org/elfutils/Debuginfod.html>

•   Git: <https://git-scm.com/>

•   Libarchive: <https://www.libarchive.org/>

Author
Frank Ch. Eigler

Copyright
2014-2025, Red Hat, Inc.