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# Mercurial

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Mercurial (commonly referred to as hg) is a distributed version control system written in Python and is similar in many ways to Git, Bazaar and Darcs.

## Installation

Install the mercurial package.

### Graphical front-ends

See also Mercurial graphical user interfaces.

- hgk — Tcl/Tk based tool to browse the history of a repository in a graphical way.

  https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/HgkExtension || mercurial + tk

- TortoiseHg — Set of graphical tools and a Nautilus extension for the Mercurial distributed revision control system.

  https://tortoisehg.bitbucket.io/ || tortoisehgAUR

## Configuration

At the minimum you should configure your username or mercurial will most likely give you an error when trying to commit. Do this by editing `~/.config/hg/hgrc` or `~/.hgrc` and adding the following:

    ~/.hgrc

    [ui]
    username = John Smith <johnsmith@domain.tld>

To use the graphical browser hgk aka. `hg view`, add the following to `~/.hgrc` (see forum thread):

    ~/.hgrc

    [extensions]
    hgk=

You will need to install tk before running `hg view` to avoid the rather cryptic error message:

    /usr/bin/env: wish: No such file or directory

## Usage

All mercurial commands are initiated with the hg prefix. To see a list of some of the common commands, run

    $ hg help

Each command has a help page that can be read using

    $ hg help subcommand

You can either work with a pre-existing repository (collection of code or files), or create your own to share.

To work with a pre-existing repository, you must clone it to a directory of your choice:

    $ mkdir mercurial
    $ cd mercurial
    $ hg clone https://repo.mercurial-scm.org/hello

To create you own, change to the directory you wish to share and initiate a mercurial project

    $ cd myfiles
    $ hg init myfiles

### Dotfiles Repository

This article or section is a candidate for merging with Dotfiles.

Notes: Uses git, but the idea is the same. (Discuss in Talk:Mercurial)

If you intend on creating a repository of all your `~/.` files, you simply initiate the project in your home folder:

    $ hg init

It is then just a case of adding the specific files you wish to track:

    $ hg add |file1 file2 file3

You can then create a `~/.hgignore` to ensure that only the files you wish to include in the repository are tracked by mercurial.

Tip If you include: syntax: glob at the top of the `.hgignore` file, you can easily exclude groups of files from your repository.

## Tips and tricks

### Progress bar

If you are going to be working with large repositories, you may want to enable the progress extension by adding it to your `~/.hgrc` file:

    ~/.hgrc

    [extensions]
    progress =

This will show progress bars on operations longer than 3 seconds. If you would like the progress bar to show sooner, you can append the following to your configuration file:

    ~/.hgrc

    [progress]
    delay = 1.5

## See also

- Mercurial: The Definitive Guide
- Mercurial Kick-Start one more tutorial by Aragost.
- Mercurial Hosting - List of services that offer Mercurial hosting, from the official Mercurial wiki

Category:

- Version control system

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